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1.
CoDAS ; 31(1): e20170249, 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039597

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o efeito da levodopa na dinâmica coclear, bem como na via eferente olivococlear medial de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson idiopática (DP). Método Indivíduos com e sem DP, acompanhados em um hospital universitário, realizaram a pesquisa das emissões otoacústicas por produto de distorção (EOAPD) e do efeito inibitório das EOAPD (EIEOA) na presença de ruído contralateral. Foram estabelecidas as medidas de correlação entre os resultados das EOAPD e do EIEOA com estágio Hoehn&Yahr (H&Y), dose diária de levodopa e tempo de diagnóstico da DP. Além disso, as medidas eletroacústicas foram comparadas entre os indivíduos sem DP e com DP, estratificados de acordo com a dose de levodopa administrada diariamente. Resultados Foi identificada correlação fraca e negativa entre a amplitude das EOAPD com a dose diária de levodopa e correlações positivas, de força moderada e fraca, entre o EIEOA com a dose diária de levodopa e o tempo de diagnóstico da DP, respectivamente. A amplitude das EOAPD foi maior nos indivíduos com DP em uso de levodopa ≤ 600 miligramas quando comparada à de indivíduos sem DP e com DP, em uso de dose superior. Já o EIEOA foi menor nos indivíduos em uso de doses ≤ 600 miligramas, quando comparado aos demais grupos. Conclusão Doses diárias de levodopa iguais ou inferiores a 600 mg/dia aumentam as respostas mecanotransdutoras cocleares nas frequências de 2 e 3 kHz, enquanto que a ação dos sistemas eferentes olivococleares é reduzida nesta região.


ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the effect of levodopa on cochlear dynamics and on the medial olivocochlear efferent pathway of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) individuals. Methods Individuals with and without PD, followed at a University Hospital, were submitted to Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) and DPOAE Inhibitory Effect (OAEIE) in the presence of contralateral noise. Correlation measures between DPOAE and OAEIE results with Hoehn&Yahr (H&Y) stage, daily dose of levodopa and PD diagnosis period were established. Furthermore, electroacoustic measures were compared between individuals without and those with PD, stratified by dose of levodopa daily administered. Results Weak negative correlation between DPOAE amplitude and daily dose of levodopa was found, as well positive correlations between EIEOA with daily dose of levodopa and time of PD diagnosis, respectively. Higher DPOAE amplitude was found in individuals with PD using daily doses of levodopa ≤ 600 milligrams when compared to individuals without PD and those with PD using higher doses. EIEOA was lower in individuals using doses ≤ 600 milligrams, when compared to the other groups. Conclusion Daily doses of levodopa up to 600 mg / day increase the cochlear mechanical-transducer responses in 2 and 3 kHz frequencies, while the action of olivocochlear efferent systems is reduced in this region.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Levodopa/pharmacology , Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous/drug effects , Antiparkinson Agents/pharmacology , Parkinson Disease/complications , Auditory Pathways/drug effects , Acoustic Stimulation , Middle Aged
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 138(10): 1246-1252, oct. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-572935

ABSTRACT

Background: Glycine inhibits the formation of advanced glycation end products that may cause central and peripheral neuronal damage, affecting also the auditory nerve. Aim: To evaluate the effect of glycine on auditory nerve conduction and hearing level among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and auditory neuropathy. Material and Methods: Twenty grams of oral glycine per day were administered during 6 months to 28 type 2 diabetic patients aged 58 ± 6 years, with auditory pathway neuropathy. Hearing tests and evoked otoacustic potentials were performed regularly. Fifteen diabetic patients aged 49 ± 8 years, without auditory nerve neuropathy did not receive glycine and were followed as a control group. Results: Among patients receiving glycine, a significant improvement in left ear audiometry at 125, 250 and 500 Hz and right ear audiometry at 500 Hz, was observed. Waves I, III and V (p= 0.02) of evoked otoacustic potentials improved significantly in the left ear and wave I in the right ear. Among controls, waves V and III of evoked otoacoustic potentials had a significant impairment in the left ear. Conclusions: There was an improvement in auditory evoked potentials in patients receiving glycine and an impairment in untreated control patients.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Auditory Pathways/drug effects , /complications , Diabetic Neuropathies/therapy , Evoked Potentials, Auditory/drug effects , Glycine Agents/therapeutic use , Glycine/therapeutic use , Audiometry , Auditory Pathways/pathology , Auditory Pathways/physiopathology , Diabetic Neuropathies/physiopathology
3.
Noise Health ; 2006 Jul-Sep; 8(32): 114-33
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-122088

ABSTRACT

Industrial hearing loss has generally been associated with noise exposure, but there is a growing awareness that industrial solvents can have an adverse effect on the auditory and vestibular systems in man. Both animal experiments and human studies point to an ototoxic effect of industrial solvents, as well as some central auditory and vestibular disturbances. This review examines the research from the last four decades in an attempt to get an overview of the available evidence. Research shows that industrial solvents are ototoxic in rats. The majority of the solvents studied cause a loss of auditory sensitivity in the mid-frequencies in rats, affecting outer hair cells in the order OHC 3 > OHC 2 > OHC 1 . Inner hair cells are generally unaffected. Spiral ganglion cells are most vulnerable to trichloroethylene. Simultaneous exposure to solvents and noise results in a synergistic effect; the pattern of trauma mirrors that due to solvent exposure rather than noise, but is more enhanced. There is a critical level when synergy occurs. The effects of solvents on the vestibular system are neurotoxic and influence the vestibulo-oculomotor system in both animals and humans; humans also present with problems in postural sway. There is a strong suggestion from human studies that solvents are ototoxic in man, but findings show that both the peripheral and central auditory pathways can be affected. Hearing losses can be in the high frequency region or can affect a wider range of frequencies. Hearing loss and balance disturbances can occur at levels below permitted levels of exposure. The synergistic effect of combined exposure to solvents and noise has also been noted in humans, resulting in greater hearing losses than would be expected from exposure to noise and solvents alone. The findings from both human and animal studies indicate that exposure to industrial solvents or to industrial solvents and noise can have an adverse effect on hearing and balance. The implications for industry and hearing conservation are far reaching.


Subject(s)
Animals , Auditory Pathways/drug effects , Benzene Derivatives/toxicity , Carbon Disulfide/toxicity , Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/drug effects , Hearing Loss/chemically induced , Humans , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Postural Balance/drug effects , Rats , Solvents/toxicity , Trichloroethylene/toxicity , Vestibule, Labyrinth/drug effects
4.
Pró-fono ; 17(3): 403-412, set.-dez. 2005. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-424175

ABSTRACT

TEMA: efeitos ototóxicos da exposição ao monóxido de carbono: uma Revisão. OBJETIVO: analisar a literatura sobre audição e o monóxido de carbono (CO). MÉTODO: descrever as propriedades físicas, a absorção, a distribuição e o metabolismo do CO, bem como a sua origem, sua produção, suas fontes e os seus limites internacionais de exposição ocupacional. Foram discutidos vários estudos sobre os efeitos do CO no sistema auditivo animal e humano. Finalmente, foram identificados os principais setores onde podemos encontrar a exposição combinada ruído e CO e descrevermos os mecanismos básicos de ação do CO que poderão potencializar a perda auditiva induzida por ruído. CONCLUSAO: a revisão de literatura indicou que: 1. A poluição atmosférica, o fumo passivo, a exposição ocupacional, e o tabagismo ativo, são exemplos de fontes de exposição ao CO. 2. A ação tóxica principal do CO resulta em anoxia provocada pela conversão da oxihemoglobina em carboxihemoglobina. 3. Os estudos animais sobre a exposição combinada ao ruído e ao CO foram realizados em sua grande maioria com ratos e o conjunto destes estudos demonstraram os efeitos da exposição aguda e simultanêa ao CO e ao ruído. 4. Os estudos relatando a nocividade da exposição ao CO sobre o sistema auditivo humano foram realizados, na grande maioria, seguidos de uma exposição aguda ao CO. A exposição ao ruído não foi relatada ou controlada como um fator relacionado com os problemas auditivos observados. A evidência existente até o momento indica a necessidade do desenvolvimento de pesquisas sobre os efeitos auditivos da exposição a CO, com e sem exposição ao ruído.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Rats , Auditory Pathways/drug effects , Carbon Monoxide/toxicity , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/chemically induced , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Auditory Perception/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Occupational Health
5.
Ciênc. rural ; 29(4): 669-73, out.-dez. 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-255020

ABSTRACT

Vinte e quatro caninos adultos hígidos, sem raça definida, machos e fêmeas, com peso e idade variados, foram divididos igualmente em grupo controle, betametasona, fludrocortisona, e receberam, por via auricular, 2ml diários das seguintes soluçöes: salina a 0,9 por cento, fosfato dissódico de betametasona a 0,1 por cento e acetato de fludrocortisona a 0,1 por cento, respectivamente. Os animais foram submetidos a duas aplicaçöes diárias de 0,5ml da soluçäo correspondente em cada conduto auditivo, durante um período de 14 dias. Foram realizadas colheitas de sangue da jugular no 7§ e 14§ dias de tratamento e no 7§ dia após o término dos tratamentos. Realizou-se a determinaçäo dos níveis séricos de cortisol pré e pós-estímulo com ACTH. Os grupos betametasona e fludrocortisona apresentaram um decréscimo significativo (P<0,05) do cortisol pré e pós-ACTH em todas as datas de colheita. Conclui-se que a betametasona e a fludrocortisona, usadas pela via auricular, produzem efeitos consideráveis sobre a funçäo adrenocortical.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Dogs , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/physiology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Auditory Pathways/drug effects , Betamethasone/adverse effects , Betamethasone/therapeutic use , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Fludrocortisone/adverse effects , Fludrocortisone/therapeutic use , Hydrocortisone/adverse effects , Hydrocortisone/blood , Hydrocortisone/therapeutic use
6.
New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The]. 1992; 7 (6): 1431-1433
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-25848

ABSTRACT

Forty uremic patients on regular hemodialysis for 44.2 +/- 19.8 months were followed up audiometrically for ototoxicity of desferrioxamine [DFO] which was taken for the treatment of aluminum toxicity. The hearing threshold, especially at frequencies 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 Hz and the speech reaction threshold were significantly increased, while the speech discrimination score was significantly decreased. On the other hand, the percentages of tinnitus and vertigo were insignificantly increased after DFO. It is concluded that DFO may precipitate sensorineural hearing loss that was found to be dose dependent. Thus regular audiometric examination has to be considered in hemodialyzed patients receiving DFO for early detection of its ototoxicity


Subject(s)
Deferoxamine/toxicity , Ear/drug effects , Audiometry, Speech/methods , Auditory Pathways/drug effects
7.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-17476

ABSTRACT

The central auditory toxicity of sisomicin was studied in guineapigs administered sisomicin (135 mg/kg body weight) sc for 10 days. Total lipids, phospholipids and cholesterol were estimated in the pons, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body and auditory cortex. While the total lipids were increased in a non-preferential manner in all the regions studied, phospholipids and cholesterol levels registered no change. This study suggests the possible central auditory toxicity following sisomicin administration.


Subject(s)
Animals , Auditory Cortex/drug effects , Auditory Pathways/drug effects , Cholesterol/analysis , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Geniculate Bodies/drug effects , Guinea Pigs , Inferior Colliculi/drug effects , Lipids/analysis , Male , Phospholipids/analysis , Pons/drug effects , Sisomicin/toxicity
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